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One Mind, Two Bodies: Man With Brain Implant Controls Another Person’s Hand—and Feels What She Feels
It sounds like science fiction, but the system could help people with brain or spinal cord injuries regain lost abilities.
In 2020, Keith Thomas dived into a pool and snapped his spine. The accident left him paralyzed from the chest down and unable to feel and move his arms and legs. Alone and isolated in a hospital room due to the pandemic, he jumped on a “first-of-its-kind” clinical trial that promised to restore some sense of feeling and muscle control using an innovative brain implant.
Researchers designed the implant to reconnect the brain, body, and spinal cord. An AI detects Thomas’ intent to move and activates his muscles with gentle electrical zaps. Sensors on his fingertips shuttle feelings back to his brain. Within a year, Thomas was able to lift and drink from a cup, wipe his face, and pet and feel the soft fur of his family’s dog, Bow.
The promising results led the team at Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research and the Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell wondering: If the implant can control muscles in one person, can that person also use it to control someone else’s muscles?
A preprint now suggests such “interhuman” connections are possible. With thoughts alone, Thomas controlled the hand of an able-bodied volunteer using precise electrical zaps to her muscles.
The multi-person neural bypass also helped Kathy Denapoli, a woman suffering from partial paralysis and struggling to move her hand. With the system, Thomas helped her successfully pour water with his brain signals. He even eventually felt the objects she touched in return.
It sounds like science fiction, but the system could boost collaborative rehabilitation, where groups of people with brain or spinal cord injuries work together. By showing rather than telling Denapoli how to move her hand, she’s nearly doubled her hand strength since starting the trial.
“Crucially, this approach not only restores aspects of sensorimotor function,” wrote the team. It “also fosters interpersonal connection, allowing individuals with paralysis to re-experience agency, touch, and collaborative action through another person.”
Smart BridgeWe move without a second thought: pouring a hot cup of coffee while half awake, grabbing a basketball versus a tennis ball, or balancing a cup of ice cream instead of a delicate snow cone.
Under the hood, these mundane tasks activate a highly sophisticated circuit. First, the intention to move is encoded in the brain’s motor regions and the areas surrounding them. These electrical signals then travel down the spinal cord instructing muscles to contract or relax. The skin sends feedback on pressure, temperature, and other sensations back to the brain, which adjusts movement on the fly.
This circuit is broken in people with spinal cord injuries. But over the past decade, scientists have begun bridging the gap with the help of brain or spinal implants. These arrays of microelectrodes send electrical signals to tailored AI algorithms that can decode intent. The signals are then used to control robotic arms, drones, and other prosthetics. Other methods have focused on restoring sensation, a crucial aspect of detailed movement.
Connecting motor commands and sensation into a feedback loop—similar to what goes on in our brains naturally—is gaining steam. Thomas’s implant is one example. Unlike previous implants, the device simultaneously taps into the brain, spinal cord, and muscles.
The setup first records electrical activity from Thomas’s brain using sensors placed in its motor regions. The sensors send these signals to a computer where they’re decoded. The translated signals travel to flexible electrode patches, like Band-Aids, placed on his spine and forearm. The patches electrically stimulate his muscles to guide their movement. Tiny sensors on his fingertips and palm then transmit pressure and other sensations back to his brain.
Over time, Thomas learned to move his arms and feel his hand for the first time in three years.
“There was a time that I didn’t know if I was even going to live, or if I wanted to, frankly. And now, I can feel the touch of someone holding my hand. It’s overwhelming,” he said at the time. “The only thing I want to do is to help others. That’s always been the thing I’m best at. If this can help someone even more than it’s helped me somewhere down the line, it’s all worth it.”
Human ConnectionTo help people regain their speech after injury or disease, scientists have created digital avatars that capture vocal pitch and emotion from brain recordings. Others have linked up people’s minds with non-invasive technologies for rudimentary human-to-human brain communication.
The new study incorporated Thomas’s brain implant with a human “avatar.” The volunteer wore electrical stimulation patches, wired to his brain, on her forearm.
In training, Thomas watched his able-bodied partner grasp an object, such as a baseball or soft foam ball. He received electrical stimulation to the sensory regions of his brain based on force feedback. Eventually, Thomas learned to discriminate between the objects while blindfolded with up to over 90 percent accuracy. Different objects felt strong or light, said Thomas.
The researchers wondered if Thomas could also help others with spinal cord injury. For this trial, he worked with Denapoli, a woman in her 60s with some residual ability to move her arms despite damage to her spinal cord.
Denapoli voiced how she wanted to move her hand—for example, close, open, or hold. Thomas imagined the movement, and his brain signals wirelessly activated the muscle stimulators on Denapoli’s arm to move her hand as intended.
The collaboration allowed her to pick up and pour a water bottle in roughly 20 seconds, with a success rate nearly triple that of when she tried the same task alone. In another test, Thomas’s neural commands helped her grasp, sip from, and set a can of soda down without spillage.
The connection went both ways. Gradually, Thomas began to feel the objects she touched based on feedback sent to his brain.
“This paradigm…allowed two participants with tetraplegia to engage in cooperative rehabilitation, demonstrating increased success in a motor task with a real-world object,” wrote the team.
The implant may have long-lasting benefits. Because it taps into the three main components of neurological sensation and movement, repeatedly activating the circuit could trigger the body to restore damage. With the implant, Thomas experienced improved sensation and movement in his hands and Denapoli increased her grip strength.
The treatment could also help people who suffered a stroke and lost control of their arms, or those with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a neurological disease that gradually eats away at motor neurons. To be clear, the results haven’t yet been peer-reviewed and are for a very limited group of people. More work is need to see if this type of collaborative rehabilitation—or what the authors call “thought-driven therapy”—helps compared to existing approaches.
Still, both participants are happy. Thomas said the study gave him a sense of purpose. “I was more satisfied [because] I was helping somebody in real life…rather than just a computer,” he said.
“I couldn’t have done that without you,” Denapoli told Thomas.
The post One Mind, Two Bodies: Man With Brain Implant Controls Another Person’s Hand—and Feels What She Feels appeared first on SingularityHub.
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Google’s Quantum chip claims 13,000x speed advantage over supercomputers
Google Quantum AI has demonstrated what it describes as a verifiable quantum advantage — running a new algorithm on quantum hardware that outperforms classical supercomputers by a factor of 13,000.
The breakthrough, announced on Wednesday, marks the first time a quantum computer has executed a verifiable algorithm with real-world applications, potentially accelerating enterprise workloads in computational chemistry, molecular modeling, and materials engineering that are currently constrained by classical computing limitations.
The achievement centers on Google’s Willow quantum chip, a 105-qubit superconducting processor, executing what the company calls its Quantum Echoes algorithm, technically an out-of-time-order correlator (OTOC), a method for measuring how disturbances spread through quantum systems.
“This is the first time in history that any quantum computer has successfully run a verifiable algorithm that surpasses the ability of supercomputers,” Google said in a statement announcing the breakthrough, which was also published in Nature.
Unlike previous quantum milestones that demonstrated computational power on abstract problems, Google emphasized that this marks a practical shift.
“Quantum verifiability means the result can be repeated on our quantum computer — or any other of the same caliber — to get the same answer, confirming the result,” the statement explained, distinguishing reproducible quantum computing from experimental demonstrations.
The company specified that the 13,000x performance advantage refers to the OTOC algorithm running on Willow compared to “the best classical algorithm on one of the world’s fastest supercomputers,” though it did not identify which specific supercomputer served as the benchmark.
The announcement positions Google ahead in the intensifying quantum race. IBM is targeting a 200-logical-qubit system called Starling by 2029, while Microsoft, in February 2025, introduced its Majorana 1 chip based on topological qubits, claiming a path to one million qubits on a single chip. Similarly, IonQ, using trapped ion technology, had demonstrated a 12% speed advantage over classical supercomputers in medical device simulation in March 2025.
How the algorithm works and its applicationsThe Quantum Echoes algorithm sends precisely crafted signals through Willow’s quantum system, perturbing a single qubit, then reversing the signal’s evolution. “We send a carefully crafted signal into our quantum system (qubits on Willow chip), perturb one qubit, then precisely reverse the signal’s evolution to listen for the ‘echo’ that comes back,” Google explained.
“This quantum echo is special because it gets amplified by constructive interference — a phenomenon where quantum waves add up to become stronger. This makes our measurement incredibly sensitive,” the statement added.
In a proof-of-principle experiment with the University of California, Berkeley, researchers analyzed molecular structures with 15 and 28 atoms using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) data. “The results on our quantum computer matched those of traditional NMR, and revealed information not usually available from NMR, which is a crucial validation of our approach,” Google said.
“Quantum computing-enhanced NMR could become a powerful tool in drug discovery, helping determine how potential medicines bind to their targets, or in materials science for characterizing the molecular structure of new materials like polymers, battery components, or even the materials that comprise our quantum bits,” the announcement stated.
For enterprises, the implications extend to organizations developing advanced materials, batteries for electric vehicles, or next-generation semiconductors. However, Google provided no timeline for commercial deployment.
Technical foundation behind the breakthroughThe algorithmic achievement rests on Willow’s exceptional hardware performance. “Across its entire 105-qubit array, it features fidelities of 99.97% for single-qubit gates, 99.88% for entangling gates, and 99.5% for readout, all operating at an unmatched speed of tens to hundreds of nanoseconds,” Google stated.
The research team conducted one trillion measurements throughout the project. “This speed was instrumental in enabling a staggering one trillion measurements over the course of this project—a significant portion of all measurements ever performed on all quantum computers combined,” the company said.
The announcement came six years after Google’s 2019 quantum supremacy claim, which generated controversy when IBM researchers argued the problem could be solved on classical hardware in days rather than millennia. No such classical computing counterclaim has emerged yet for the Quantum Echoes demonstration.
Roadmap progress and remaining challengesWednesday’s announcement represented the latest milestone in Google’s quantum roadmap. The company achieved beyond-classical quantum computation in 2019, demonstrated quantum error correction in 2023, and showed below-threshold error correction with Willow in 2024.
“Today’s demonstration of the first-ever verifiable quantum advantage with our Quantum Echoes algorithm marks a significant step toward the first real-world applications of quantum computing,” Google said in the statement. The company’s next milestone targets a long-lived logical qubit, the statement added. However, formidable engineering challenges remain. “Reaching our ultimate goal will require orders-of-magnitude improvement in system performance and scale, with millions of components to be developed and matured,” the statement said.
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